Handling Date, Time, Text, Numeric and Boolean Values
Use primitives and wrapper classes. Evaluate arithmetic and boolean expressions using the Math API, precedence rules, type conversions, and casting
Manipulate text, including text blocks, using String and StringBuilder classes
Manipulate date, time, duration, period, instant, and time-zone objects including daylight saving time using Date-Time API

Controlling Program Flow
Create program flow control constructs including if/else, switch statements and expressions, loops, and break and continue statements

Using Object-Oriented Concepts in Java
Declare and instantiate Java objects including nested class objects, and explain the object life-cycle including creation, reassigning references, and garbage collection
Create classes and records, and define and use instance and static fields and methods, constructors, and instance and static initializers
Implement overloaded methods, including var-arg methods
Understand variable scopes, apply encapsulation, create immutable objects, and use local variable type inference
Implement inheritance, including abstract and sealed types as well as record classes. Override methods including Object class methods. Implement polymorphism and differentiate between object type and reference type
Perform reference type casting, identify object types using instanceof operator, and apply pattern matching with instanceof and switch constructs
Create and use interfaces, identify functional interfaces, and utilize private, static, and default interface methods
Create and use enum types with fields, methods, and constructors

Handling Exceptions
Handle exceptions using try/catch/finally, try-with-resources, multi-catch blocks, and custom exceptions

Working with Arrays and Collections
Create arrays, List, Set, Map, and Deque collections, and add, remove, update, retrieve, and sort their elements

Working with Streams and Lambda Expressions
Use Java object and primitive Streams, including lambda expressions implementing functional interfaces, to create, filter, transform, process, and sort data
Perform decomposition, concatenation, reduction, grouping, and partitioning on sequential and parallel streams

Packaging and Deploying Java Code
Define modules and expose module content including reflection access, and declare module dependencies, services, providers, and consumers
Compile Java code, create modular and non-modular JARs, runtime images, and implement migration using unnamed and automatic modules

Managing Concurrent Code Execution
Create platform and virtual threads. Use Runnable and Callable objects, manage the thread lifecycle, and utilize Executor services and concurrent API to run tasks
Develop thread-safe code using locking mechanisms and concurrent API
Process Java collections concurrently and utilize parallel streams

Using Java I/O API
Read and write console and file data using I/O streams
Serialize and de-serialize Java objects
Construct, traverse, create, read, and write Path objects and their properties using java.nio.file API

Implementing Localization
Implement localization using locales and resource bundles
Parse and format messages, dates, times, and numbers including currency and percentage values